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	<title>meaningfull &#187; biodiversity</title>
	<atom:link href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/biodiversity/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
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	<description>random notes from our staff</description>
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		<title>Economics &#8211; focusing on &#8220;the natural object of it&#8221;</title>
		<link>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/economics-focusing-on-the-natural-object-of-it/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/economics-focusing-on-the-natural-object-of-it/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 27 Apr 2011 00:19:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Paula Lopes da Silva</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Governance & Ethics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[On Life]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[On Politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Aristotle]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[aristotle politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[civilizational]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[class warfare]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ecosystems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[energy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[exchange]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[finance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[inflation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linkedin]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[manufacturing company]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Michael Choniski]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[middle ages]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Neolithic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Philosophy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[planet]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[profit margins]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[schizophrenia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[society]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[value of biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[wealth]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.humaneasy.com/?p=959</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>«If as a society we decide to place value on ecosystems and charge the users accordingly, we have to be ready to charge the manufacturing company for its impacts AND the fishermen, tourists, etc. for their impacts... and I fear that it will come... <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/economics-focusing-on-the-natural-object-of-it/">Read more</a></p><br /><div><img src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/wp-content/plugins/gd-star-rating/gfx.php?value=0.0" /></div><div>Rating: 0.0/<strong>10</strong> (0 votes cast)</div><br />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2011/04/aristotle.jpg" class="liimagelink"><img class="alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-963" title="Aristotle" src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2011/04/aristotle-150x150.jpg" alt="" width="150" height="150" /></a><em>«If as a society we decide to place value on ecosystems and charge the users accordingly, we have to be ready to charge the manufacturing company for its impacts AND the fishermen, tourists, etc. for their impacts&#8230; and I fear that it will come down to class warfare between big business users, small business users, and private citizen users.» - Quoting Michael Choniski at Linkedin.</em></p>
<p class="first-child "><span title="I" class="cap"><span>I</span></span> really hope one day we charge all companies for their real impacts; which means of course to charge private citizen users, the ones who ultimately pay; as long as it is not socially unsustainable. Putting a value on nature and not regulating finance will result in higher inflation and higher prices. Ideally the value of biodiversity and ecosystems should be subtracted from product profit margins and not simply added to the cost consumer pays.</p>
<p>Of course, that would mean a civilizational shift towards paying what has a &#8220;real&#8221; value, that is, a value aligned with the real planet substance and limits (eventually adding some nearby planets we may colonize).</p>
<p>And what are the planet substance and limits made of? Basically, mass and energy. These are the real things or dimensions where we move (at least until we die).</p>
<p>We have equations that relate these two existence pillar dimensions, mass and energy (E=mc2), but maybe our big problem is that we did not integrate yet on the equation the third most important variable that makes the world keep moving: Money!</p>
<p>Since Middle Ages, when money was allowed to &#8220;grow&#8221; and be accumulated without any association to a real wealth or object (by usury), money became more and more a virtual thing, more and more disconnected from the fluxes of mass and energy that flow around the world and keep its balance &#8211; or not.</p>
<blockquote><p>«The most hated sort, and with the greatest reason, is usury, which makes a gain out of money itself, and not from the natural object of it. For money was intended to be used in exchange, but not to increase at interest.» &#8211; Aristotle &#8211; Politics, Book I, Part X, 4th Century BCE</p></blockquote>
<p>Instead of focusing on &#8220;the natural object of it&#8221; we have based our society systems more and more on finance reference and fluxes, a virtual though powerful reality.</p>
<p>Money has been a variable not very logically related to any thing, or at least not following a mathematical model that reasonably connects to the other 2 items, so its quite normal that such &#8220;schizophrenia&#8221; leads to a planet crisis.</p>
<p>I believe that when we effectively attribute a money value to nature, in a long run that will turn back and a real nature value will be &#8220;attributed&#8221; to money, just as it happens in an equation. Ex: a person buys 3 houses, which represents a lot of materials and therefore impacts on nature (in Neolithic times each person used less than 10kg of materials/day and now uses more that 100kg/day for a normal living = unsustainable); so if that is appropriately charged, less people will prefer to do such an impact with their money.</p>
<p>Would such a shift be possible? Not sure. Maybe we will perish because we did not manage to organize ourselves collectively, as a species we did not manage to design or run a long term strategy.</p>
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		<item>
		<title>Out of Service&#8230;Maybe FOR EVER</title>
		<link>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/out-of-service-maybe-for-ever/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/out-of-service-maybe-for-ever/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 16 Feb 2011 14:28:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Paula Lopes da Silva</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[disease]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dramatic event]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ecology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ecosystem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ecosystem services]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[estuarine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[habitats]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[industrial factories]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mangrove forests]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[marine habitat]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nature Conservancy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ostra]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[oyster]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[oyster reefs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[portugal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pre-history]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[shellfish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[tagus]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.humaneasy.com/?p=911</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>According to piece of news released this month in Washington, a survey of oyster habitats around the world found that the succulent mollusks are disappearing fast and 85 percent of their natural reefs have been lost due to disease and... <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/out-of-service-maybe-for-ever/">Read more</a></p><br /><div><img src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/wp-content/plugins/gd-star-rating/gfx.php?value=0.0" /></div><div>Rating: 0.0/<strong>10</strong> (0 votes cast)</div><br />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="first-child "><span title="A" class="cap"><span>A</span></span>ccording to <a href="http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20110203/ts_alt_afp/environmentusfoodoceans" target="_blank" class="liexternal">piece of news released this month</a> in Washington, a survey of oyster habitats around the world found that the succulent mollusks are disappearing fast and 85 percent of their natural reefs have been lost due to disease and over-harvesting.</p>
<p>The most imperiled marine habitat on Earth is not coral reefs or mangrove forests. Its indeed <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/shellfish/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with shellfish">shellfish</a> reefs. Oyster reefs are considered as functionally extinct in many places of the world. But of course it does not mean they will be out of our plates; as most we eat are farmed, but its quite different than having them at their natural habitat.</p>
<p><strong><a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2011/02/Portuguese-oyster.jpg" class="liimagelink"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-919" title="Portuguese oyster" src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2011/02/Portuguese-oyster-381x430.jpg" alt="" width="381" height="430" /></a></strong></p>
<p>People do not value so much what they have near by, except if their survival depends directly on a certain resource. Maybe thats why the massive disappearance of the oysters mostly during the 60&#8242;s in <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/tagus/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with tagus">Tagus</a> estuary, bathing <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/lisbon/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with lisbon">Lisbon</a> (<a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/portugal/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with portugal">Portugal</a>) seemed not to be such a dramatic event, despite the enormous breakdown in the profitable exportation business provided by the oysters. A business which was owned by the State, operating at a large oyster cleansing station also owned by the State, now transformed in a event venue center, private-owned, after some years of sad abandonment. The very same State that allowed domestic and heavy industrial pollution to impact dramatically the <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/estuarine/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with estuarine">estuarine</a> waters of the Tagus for so many decades.</p>
<p><strong><a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2011/02/Water-reservoirs.jpg" class="liimagelink"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-920" title="Water reservoirs" src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2011/02/Water-reservoirs-430x346.jpg" alt="" width="430" height="346" /></a></strong></p>
<p>The oyster collectors, people of rural communities living by the margins of the estuary since <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/pre-history/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with Pre-history">Pre-history</a>, did not feel after all the impact, as they also were shifting their way of life – so to say their real “habitat” &#8211; to new jobs in the industrial factories implanted in the region. Nobody seemed to loose, except the <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/environment/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with Environment">environment</a> and the oysters. The concept of <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/biodiversity/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with biodiversity">biodiversity</a> and <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/ecosystem-services/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with ecosystem services">ecosystem services</a> was unknown at the time.</p>
<p><strong><a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2011/02/Oysters.jpg" class="liimagelink"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-918" title="Oysters" src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2011/02/Oysters-430x269.jpg" alt="" width="430" height="269" /></a></strong></p>
<p>While putting the oysters back on the map again may not seem a priority, at least one could calculate how much it would be worth having them back as well as the biodiversity and <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/ecosystem/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with ecosystem">ecosystem</a> services they provide. In the case of Tagus, the new waste water treatment plants – still under construction &#8211; give us some hope that in near future the oysters can be back on service.</p>
<p>Read more at <a href="  http://www.nature.org/initiatives/marine/features/art28549.html" target="_blank" class="liinternal">Nature Conservancy</a>&#8216;s website.</p>
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		<item>
		<title>Visões Positivas para a Biodiversidade</title>
		<link>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/visoes-positivas-para-a-biodiversidade/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/visoes-positivas-para-a-biodiversidade/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 26 Nov 2010 20:37:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Paula Lopes da Silva</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Ambiente]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Events]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[On Politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[agricultura]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversidade]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bruxelas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[convention on biological diversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[global voices]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[natureza]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pavan Suckdev]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[portugal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[positive visions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[quercus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[summit]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[união europeia]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.humaneasy.com/?p=873</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>Mais de 200 pessoas de todo o mundo reunidas para criar uma visão positiva para o futuro e definir as mudanças necessárias e urgentes Bruxelas - De 16 a 17 de Novembro, mais de 200 participantes de 43 países estiveram reunidos no encontro... <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/visoes-positivas-para-a-biodiversidade/">Read more</a></p><br /><div><img src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/wp-content/plugins/gd-star-rating/gfx.php?value=0.0" /></div><div>Rating: 0.0/<strong>10</strong> (0 votes cast)</div><br />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3>Mais de 200 pessoas de todo o mundo reunidas para criar uma visão positiva para o futuro e definir as mudanças necessárias e urgentes</h3>
<p class="first-child "><a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/bruxelas/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with bruxelas"><span title="B" class="cap"><span>B</span></span>ruxelas</a> &#8211;  De 16 a 17 de Novembro, mais de 200 participantes de 43 países estiveram reunidos no encontro &#8220;Visões Positivas para a Biodiversidade&#8221; promovido pela Presidência Belga da União <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/europeia/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with europeia">Europeia</a>, com o apoio do EPBRS (Plataforma <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/europeia/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with europeia">Europeia</a> de Estratégia em Investigação de Biodiversidade). Pessoas de formações e sectores de actividades muito variados, bem como especialistas como Pavan Suckdev, o líder do estudo internacional “A Economia dos <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/ecossistemas/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with ecossistemas">Ecossistemas</a> e Biodiversidade”, estiveram presentes enquanto participantes. A <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/quercus/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with quercus">Quercus</a> também esteve presente.</p>
<p><strong>Visões Positivas para a Biodiversidade<br />
Um exercício democrático e interactivo</strong><br />
O encontro foi facilitado pelo <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/global-voices/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with global voices">Global Voices</a>, uma organização sem fins lucrativos, usando o seu modelo 21st Century <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/summit/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with summit">Summit</a>, que recorre a equipamento de votação electrónica com feed-back imediato que permite a priorização de ideias. Durante o curso de dois dias, os participantes desenvolveram assim um &#8220;quadro de visão&#8221;, definindo primeiro grandes temas para a visão, nomeadamente relacionados com governação, gestão do território, população humana, tecnologia, energias renováveis, produção de alimentos, produção e consumo sustentáveis, mudança do paradigma económico, valores e comportamentos harmoniosos e a integração da biodiversidade nos vários aspectos da vida.</p>
<div id="attachment_875" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 440px"><a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2010/11/cartoonbio.png" class="liimagelink"><img class="size-medium wp-image-875" src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2010/11/cartoonbio-430x303.png" alt="" width="430" height="303" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Concurso de Cartoon promovido pela organização: Julie Buttier (1º lugar)</p></div>
<p><strong>Mudanças que é preciso fazer</strong><br />
Para cada tema definido os participantes elaboraram propostas para mudanças significativas a atingir, que foram numa segunda fase priorizados por uma votação que seleccionou 20 consideradas mais importantes, de onde referimos algumas:</p>
<ul>
<li> Para a mudança do paradigma económico, terá de haver uma total internalização total de custos sociais e ambientais nos serviços e produtos, incluindo alimentos.</li>
<li>Deverá criar-se espaço para diferentes paradigmas económicos, não apenas focados no crescimento, exploração e acumulação.</li>
<li>Os custos sociais e ambientais deverão ser sempre contabilizados na produção e uso de energia.</li>
<li>Deverá atingir-se 100% de energia renovável em 2050 pelo menos na UE.</li>
<li>Um grande enfoque deve ser dado na educação das gerações mais jovens, mais baseada na descoberta e experimentação e que inspire e prepare os alunos para compreender a biodiversidade e torná-la parte da sua vida.</li>
<li>Os serviços dos ecossistemas devem ser integrados no <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/planeamento/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with planeamento">planeamento</a> de áreas urbanas e peri-urbanas, para um melhor bem estar das pessoas.</li>
<li>Cada concelho e cidade deverá dotar-se a curto prazo de um centro de recursos em biodiversidade, com um plano de acção e educação.</li>
<li>Toda a agricultura e aquacultura deverá torna-se sustentável durante os próximos 20 anos.</li>
<li>Deverão ser criados corredores entre áreas protegidas para uma melhor adaptação às <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/alteracoes-climaticas/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with alterações climáticas">alterações climáticas</a>.</li>
<li>Deverá legislar-se de modo a permitir à comunidades locais um benefício directo da conservação da natureza.</li>
<li>Deverá desenvolver-se mais tecnologia sustentável inspirada na natureza.</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>O seguimento deste encontro e o papel da investigação</strong><br />
Cada participante assumiu no final do encontro compromissos muito concretos, como por exemplo a redução de consumo a nível pessoal, a alteração de hábitos alimentares, passar as mensagens em redes sociais ou até de tornar-se embaixador destas Visões Positivas para a Biodiversidade. Os resultados do encontro foram debatidos logo nos dias seguintes num evento complementar pelo EPBRS, no sentido de procurar integrar os resultados em novas orientações de investigação na UE.</p>
<p><strong>Visões Positivas e a meta não atingida de 2010</strong><br />
A discussão realizada nos dois primeiros dias permitiu colocar em evidência que existe já uma consciência clara de que o paradigma económico actual não é sustentável. De facto, de acordo com o último Relatório <em>Global <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/biodiversity/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with biodiversity">Biodiversity</a> Out-look</em>*, um dos três objectivos globalmente não atingidos pelas Partes Signatárias da Convenção da Diversidade Biológica, para atingir a meta de Travar a Perda de Biodiversidade em 2010 foi: “Reduzir o Consumo Insustentável de recursos biológicos ou que têm impactes sobre a biodiversidade”. Esse terá de ser um dos grandes desafios a assumir já durante a próxima década, até 2020.</p>
<p><em>Mais informações e Relatórios Preliminares <strong><a href="http://www.biodiversity.be/epbrsbe2010" target="_blank" class="liexternal">no site oficial</a></strong></em>.<br />
<em>Fotografias na <a href="http://www.facebook.com/album.php?aid=37212&amp;id=126243900726601" target="_blank" class="liexternal">página do Facebook</a></em>.</p>
<p><span style="font-size: xx-small">* Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (2010) Global Bodiversity, Outlook 3 – Executive Summary. Montréal, 12 pages</span></p>
<p><div class="note"><div class="noteclassic">Texto adaptado do comunicado de imprensa da Quercus ANCN de 19 de Novembro de 2010</div></div></p>
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		<title>A pleasant approach on biodiversity awareness</title>
		<link>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/a-pleasant-approach-on-biodiversity-awareness/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/a-pleasant-approach-on-biodiversity-awareness/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 29 Aug 2010 19:54:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Paula Lopes da Silva</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Ambiente]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[On Life]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[actions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversidade]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[desenho de campo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[field-sketching]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[FIELDSKETCHING]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[moita]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[telma costa]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.humaneasy.com/?p=810</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>There are many pleasant ways to get people approach nature and biodiversity; fieldsketching is one of them. Fieldsketching activities can be promoted as environmental education by NGOs, or local councils. In Portugal that is not a common... <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/a-pleasant-approach-on-biodiversity-awareness/">Read more</a></p><br /><div><img src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/wp-content/plugins/gd-star-rating/gfx.php?value=0.0" /></div><div>Rating: 0.0/<strong>10</strong> (0 votes cast)</div><br />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="first-child "><a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2010/08/DSC03682.jpg" class="liimagelink"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-812" src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2010/08/DSC03682-430x322.jpg" alt="" width="430" height="322" /></a></p>
<p><span title="T" class="cap"><span>T</span></span>here are many pleasant ways to get people approach nature and <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/biodiversity/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with biodiversity">biodiversity</a>; <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/fieldsketching/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with FIELDSKETCHING">fieldsketching</a> is one of them. <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/fieldsketching/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with FIELDSKETCHING">Fieldsketching</a> activities can be promoted as environmental <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/education/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with education">education</a> by NGOs, or local councils. In <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/portugal/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with portugal">Portugal</a> that is not a common practice, but some municipalities have started to promote either free courses and workshops on nature drawing and fieldsketching next to the inhabitants of  their region.</p>
<p>Basically fieldsketching focuses on making sketches of the landscape or some elements of it. Its not supposed to be a very elaborated of finished drawing or painting, but notes that can be used – or  not – for further elaborated work at the studio.  Several materials can be used, graphite and water coloring the most used.</p>
<p>Such courses can of course be ministered by different teachers with several backgrounds. But I believe that choosing a scientific illustrator for the job, specially with a background in Biology, means the approach can be more focused on the basics of drawing, the appropriate materials and techniques and more concentrated on individual species and their features, which is a good way for people to pay better attention to the surrounding biodiversity.</p>
<div id="attachment_814" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 440px"><a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2010/08/DSC03683.jpg" class="liimagelink"><img class="size-medium wp-image-814" src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2010/08/DSC03683-430x322.jpg" alt="" width="430" height="322" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Bons-dias, an invasive species</p></div>
<p>This is in fact the approach at the ongoing Course on Fieldskeching in Saturday mornings, promoted by the Municipality of <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/moita/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with moita">Moita</a>, after a proposal of mine as <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/environment/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with Environment">environment</a> officer. Our teacher, biologist <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/telma-costa/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with telma costa">Telma Costa</a>, scientific illustrator ( http://telmacosta-scientificillustration.blogspot.com), though leading us in that direction, gives us the right amount of freedom to draw  whatever we get more inspiration from, being the light passing by through the leaves of the trees, the traditional wooden boats resting on the <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/tagus/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with tagus">Tagus</a> mudflats at the low tide, or the attractive flowers of the invasive species <em>Ipomoea acuminata</em> (Vahl) also called “Bons-dias”, which in English means “Good morning”.</p>
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		<title>Stories of a crusader</title>
		<link>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/stories-of-a-crusader/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/stories-of-a-crusader/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 20 Aug 2010 01:14:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Paula Lopes da Silva</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[On Work]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversitish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[education]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[history]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Lisboa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[lisbon]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[medieval]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[tagus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World Environment Day]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.humaneasy.com/?p=779</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>Biodiversity and Local History So many species inhabited our lands, rivers and seas in the past. Biodiversity can be "mainstreamed" into local history awareness actions and vice-versa, as indeed natural and historical heritage are both building... <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/stories-of-a-crusader/">Read more</a></p><br /><div><img src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/wp-content/plugins/gd-star-rating/gfx.php?value=0.0" /></div><div>Rating: 0.0/<strong>10</strong> (0 votes cast)</div><br />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3><strong><a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/biodiversity/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with biodiversity">Biodiversity</a> and Local <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/history/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with history">History</a></strong></h3>
<p class="first-child "><span title="S" class="cap"><span>S</span></span>o many species inhabited our lands, rivers and seas in the past. Biodiversity can be &#8220;mainstreamed&#8221; into local history awareness <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/actions/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with actions">actions</a> and vice-versa, as indeed natural and historical heritage are both building blocks of local identity. Despite the disappearing of so much biodiversity, it remained until our days in the names of streets, squares, in local tales and so on. When we speak about biodiversity, we can go back a few years, some decades or even centuries, to explain its importance. For instances, the Portuguese oyster, which disappeared from the <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/tagus/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with tagus">Tagus</a> estuary in the 60s due to pollution, was in fact important not only for the economy during many decades, but was a major item found among the evidences of the <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/neolithic/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with Neolithic">neolithic</a> diet, found locally at Moita Municipality.</p>
<p>Hence, the idea of using a real person from the past to tell us how things were those days.</p>
<p>A British crusader that lived in the XII century and was at <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/lisbon/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with lisbon">Lisbon</a> in 1147, wrote a lively description of the conquest of <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/lisbon/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with lisbon">Lisbon</a> by the first king of <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/portugal/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with portugal">Portugal</a> with the help of crusaders from several parts of Europe. In his letter he refers that the Tagus estuary was so rich, that two thirds were water and one third was fish (The original document is a unique Manuscript in Corpus Christi College, Cambridge).</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-780" src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2010/08/osbern-430x322.jpg" alt="" width="430" height="322" /></p>
<p>Departing from this, he &#8220;was asked&#8221; to come back and tell some real stories about Tagus and its biodiversity, since <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/pre-history/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with Pre-history">pre-history</a> to the present times. The <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/sturgeon/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with sturgeon">Sturgeon</a>, the Portuguese Oyster and other missing or threatened species are some of the issues he talks about with the children. In the end, children are invited to do a &#8220;fishery&#8221; of colored paper fishes, where the smallest must be left behind so they can grow. Finally, if children really want to protect the Tagus, they may become knights.</p>
<p>I prepared this idea and a script for the crusader for the <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/world-environment-day/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with World Environment Day">World Environment Day</a> celebrations promoted by the Municipality of Moita. A total of aprox. 350 children participated.</p>
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		<title>Tour of the Ecological Consumer</title>
		<link>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/tour-of-the-ecological-consumer/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/tour-of-the-ecological-consumer/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 12 Aug 2010 14:48:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Paula Lopes da Silva</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Ambiente]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[On Work]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversidade]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ethical]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[moita]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.humaneasy.com/?p=760</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>A circuit on (our) consumption and biodiversity This activity was promoted by the Municipality of Moita, Portugal, last April, with the support of Fenacoop (National Federation of Consumer Cooperatives), a member of Eurocoop, and the cooperative... <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/tour-of-the-ecological-consumer/">Read more</a></p><br /><div><img src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/wp-content/plugins/gd-star-rating/gfx.php?value=0.0" /></div><div>Rating: 0.0/<strong>10</strong> (0 votes cast)</div><br />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3>A circuit on (our) <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/consumption/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with consumption">consumption</a> and <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/biodiversity/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with biodiversity">biodiversity</a></h3>
<p class="first-child "><span title="T" class="cap"><span>T</span></span>his activity was promoted by the Municipality of Moita, <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/portugal/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with portugal">Portugal</a>, last April, with the support of Fenacoop (National Federation of Consumer Cooperatives), a member of Eurocoop, and the cooperative Pluricoop. It was inspired on the &#8220;Supermarket Tours&#8221; developed in Australia by the <a href="http://www.ethical.org.au" target="_blank" class="liexternal">Ethical Consumer Group</a> and was integrated in the project “<strong><em>Bio-Local – Diversity of Local <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/actions/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with actions">Actions</a> for Biodiversity</em></strong>”.</p>
<iframe src="http://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/4953453" width="430" height="360" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"></iframe><br/><br/>
<p>Issues such as biodiversity loss, energy and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, waste, ethics, animal welfare, economic and social sustainability, local production and consumption were covered in a practical way, relating them to our consumption choices. The tour consisted on a &#8220;check-in&#8221; (lecture); an “indoor tour” (inside a supermarket) and an “outdoor tour” (to a local farm).</p>
<p>The “check-in” lecture was presented with the help of a slide-show (at top above). Near the end, the participants were invited to choose specific themes and form small teams (see list of themes on the slide-show). They were then given written forms to be filled at specific sectors at the supermarket.</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-763" src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2010/08/melhor8-430x322.jpg" alt="" width="430" height="322" /></p>
<p>The indoor tour, inside the supermarket, enabled participants to do an oriented search of products on the shelves and become aware of the information displayed on the product packages such as certifications, or the existence – or not – of other relevant information. In the end they gathered together in an informal meeting, to share impressions and opinions.</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-767" src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2010/08/Outdoor2.jpg" alt="" width="430" /></p>
<p>The last part – the outdoor tour &#8211; looked more as a normal tourism tour. We left on a bus and went to the rural area, to know a local farm production of strawberries and other vegetables. The farmer, a young woman engineer, applies practices of “integrated production” which is not organic farming (unfortunately there are not yet organic farms at Moita) but nevertheless is more sustainable than conventional farming, namely because of the reduction of pesticides use. Besides this farmer sells directly to the local consumer, with personalized baskets of products delivered every week. The local products are distributed to local people, therefore keeping their freshness, reducing carbon footprint and avoiding refrigeration. The tour ended with a   strawberries tasting moment.</p>
<p>In the end the participants evaluated the activity with very high scores, remarking it had been very pleasant and interesting.</p>
<h3>About the Project “Bio-Local – Diversity of local action for biodiversity”</h3>
<p>It is a project I developed at the Municipality of Moita, basically an aggregation of several awareness raising initiatives on biodiversity, at local level. The international goal &#8220;To halt biodiversity loss&#8221;, to which Portugal formally adhered, requires in fact a set of measures and urgent actions at various levels. What we eat, what we do and the way we live has direct or indirect impacts on nature and biodiversity, either on the wild or cultivated species, and along with them, impacts on the services provided by nature to <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/humanity/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with humanity">humanity</a>.</p>
<p>This project, developed at local level and involving civil <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/society/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with society">society</a> partners, gathers awareness actions on three themes:</p>
<ol>
<li>Local and regional 	biodiversity</li>
<li>Agricultural 	biodiversity</li>
<li>Biodiversity and 	consumption</li>
</ol>
<p><u>Local and regional biodiversity</u></p>
<p>Consists mainly of a set of guided tours for school children in the municipality of Moita and surrounding region, so they learn more about the existing <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/habitats/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with habitats">habitats</a> and species and their relation with local <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/history/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with history">history</a> and <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/development/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with Development">development</a>.</p>
<p><u>Agricultural biodiversity</u></p>
<p>Aims to create in schools a living arc for preservation of regional varieties and flavors in danger of disappearance, transforming the school gardens on custodians of agricultural biodiversity.  Schools get practical training workshops directed for teachers and students. They get support to plant kitchen gardens and when collecting the crops, they keep part of the seeds for further plantation in next year.</p>
<p><u>Biodiversity and consumption</u></p>
<p>Includes awareness raising actions directed towards local consumers, promoting a better understanding about the sources and processing of products and its relation to nature and biodiversity. A Tour of the Ecological Consumer was developed, inspired on the &#8220;<em>Supermarket Tours</em>&#8221; developed in Australia by the Ethical Consumer Group.</p>
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		<title>Biodiversity loss – A matter of SECURITY?</title>
		<link>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/biodiversity-is-a-matter-of-security/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/biodiversity-is-a-matter-of-security/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 25 Jul 2010 19:37:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Paula Lopes da Silva</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Events]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Governance & Ethics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[On Politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[On Work]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Azerbaijan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ceeweb]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[climate change]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[convention on biological diversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[degradation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Economics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ecosystem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Environmental Security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[IUCN]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nagoya]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[NATO]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ngo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pan european]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[quercus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Regional Environment Center]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[security initiatives]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[target]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[united nations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[United Nations Economic Commission]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[water scarcity]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.humaneasy.com/?p=704</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>Mainstreaming Biodiversity into Security initiatives It was at Gabala, Azerbaijan, that this idea crossed my mind; though probably it has already crossed the minds of many other people. It just came out during an NGO discussion. We divided in 3... <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/biodiversity-is-a-matter-of-security/">Read more</a></p><br /><div><img src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/wp-content/plugins/gd-star-rating/gfx.php?value=0.0" /></div><div>Rating: 0.0/<strong>10</strong> (0 votes cast)</div><br />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3>Mainstreaming <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/biodiversity/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with biodiversity">Biodiversity</a> into Security initiatives</h3>
<p class="first-child "><span title="I" class="cap"><span>I</span></span>t was at Gabala, Azerbaijan, that this idea crossed my mind; though probably it has already  crossed the minds of many other people.</p>
<p>It just came out during an NGO discussion. We divided in 3 groups; our group was meant to prepare the <em>NGO message to the Roundtable III &#8211; Post 2010 biodiversity targets and the Strategic Plan of the <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/convention-on-biological-diversity/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with convention on biological diversity">Convention on Biological Diversity</a>: Priorities for the Pan-European region.</em></p>
<p><a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2010/07/DSC03201.jpg" class="liimagelink"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-712" src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2010/07/DSC03201-430x322.jpg" alt="" width="430" height="322" /></a></p>
<p>Our working group, designated the Bears (in fact we held our  discussion in a nice small room opened laterally in one side, reminding somehow a cave) had a hot , vivid discussion, even a bit chaotic in some moments. At a certain point someone insisted the problem is that CBD is not be really binding and there should be effective sanctions for non compliance, therefore we should demand for that on the document. That&#8217;s when I interrupted and said that is the problem of most international law. Who binds and punishes, at UN level? I fiercely defended that was not a thing reasonable to ask for, would be seen as a naive claim because it would involve the changing of the whole system, unless&#8230;</p>
<p>The real binding decisions of the UN, subject to real sanctions, seem to be the ones UN takes at the level of the Council of Security. If we consider that wars and conflicts can arise because of <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/water-scarcity/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with water scarcity">water scarcity</a> in some points of the globe &mdash; and that is quite identified already &mdash; the same potential problems may arise if we have ecosystem degradation up to a point that can compromise livelihood and trigger conflict risks. I gave the example of the sharp contrast of Haiti <em>vs</em> Dominican Republic, as the following picture shows:</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a002600/a002640/a002640_slate.jpg" class="liimagelink"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a002600/a002640/a002640_slate.jpg" alt="" width="420" /></a></p>
<p>In the end, the text of our message headline was:</p>
<h3>“To make the slogan for Nagoya, <em>&#8220;Life in Harmony, into the future&#8221;</em>, a reality, immediate changes in the <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/development/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with Development">development</a> paradigm are necessary. We must begin to tackle the underlying causes of biodiversity loss in Pan-Europe and globally. Humanity depends on biodiversity for our continued survival, making biodiversity conservation and climate stability matters of <span style="text-decoration: underline;">global security</span>.”</h3>
<p><a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2010/07/DSC03349.jpg" class="liimagelink"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-713" src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2010/07/DSC03349-430x322.jpg" alt="" width="430" height="322" /></a></p>
<p>This and other <a href="http://www.ceeweb.org/cbd/cop10/ngo_preparatory_meeting/index.html)" target="_blank" class="liexternal">two message documents were proposed</a> to be inserted in the final Gabala Declaration. The draft version of Gabala Declaration was later discussed during the plenary and an NGO representative argued some key messages were missing; I also added that the concept of “biodiversity as a matter of security” was missing and explained the intentions behind it were not just to do a nice phrasing with using a common sense concept, as referred by the Chair, but to prepare the path for biodiversity (together with climate change) to be  considered in future, at UN level, as a matter of security; basically to mainstream biodiversity in Security.</p>
<p>Well, at the end of the day, the officials decided not to insert it in the final <a href="http://www.ceeweb.org/cbd/cop10/ngo_preparatory_meeting/index.html" target="_blank" class="liexternal">Gabala Declaration</a>.<span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="http://www.ceeweb.org/cbd/cop10/ngo_preparatory_meeting/index.html"><br />
</a></span></p>
<p>Maybe they thought it was a visionary thing, or maybe they did not feel they had the mandate to say such a thing in a Pan-European context or simply they did not want to risk such an approach before further reflection and discussion on it.</p>
<p>I feel responsible for such an idea, I did not have time to explain what could be meant by <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>mainstream biodiversity into security matters</strong></span> and their discussion/decision fora, and to be honest  I myself did not exactly know how. But the idea was basically and first of all to “upgrade” the speech on Biodiversity in a new important sector. Biodiversity is being progressively “upgraded” into the world of Economics for instances by the study on <a href="http://www.teebweb.org" target="_blank" class="liexternal">TEEB – The Economics of the Ecosystems and Biodiversity</a>, not to mention other practical approaches.</p>
<p>If we start looking to biodiversity loss as an indirect driver for water scarcity and resulting conflict problems, or as as connected to desertification and related conflicts, or as a driver for food scarcity and resulting conflicts, it could reinforce the recognition of the value (not necessarily monetary) of biodiversity at the political level. It is a fact that, unfortunately, only when things become perceived as a risk (or a threat to security of any kind) for humans, they become really important items on the political agendas.</p>
<p>Meanwhile I found out that there is already a <abbr title="It is called ENVSEC">program involving UNEP, on Environmental Security</abbr>. Below are some links to this and other articles.</p>
<p><div class="note"><div class="noteclassic">The <a href="http://www.envsec.org/" class="liexternal">ENVSEC Initiative</a> was established in 2003 by the <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/united-nations/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with united nations">United Nations</a> <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/environment/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with Environment">Environment</a> Programme (UNEP), the <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/united-nations/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with united nations">United Nations</a> Development Programme (UNDP), and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). NATO became an associate member in 2004, through its Public Diplomacy Division. Recently, the <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/united-nations/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with united nations">United Nations</a> Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) and the <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/regional-environment-center/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with Regional Environment Center">Regional Environment Center</a> for Central and Eastern Europe (REC) joined.</div></div></p>
<p>In the <a href="http://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_49216.htm" target="_blank" class="liexternal">NATO website</a> you could also read:</p>
<blockquote>
<h4>Environmental Security</h4>
<p>Based on a broad definition of security that recognizes the importance of political, economic, social and environmental factors, NATO is addressing security challenges emanating from the environment. This includes extreme weather conditions, <strong>depletion of natural resources</strong>, pollution and so on – factors that can ultimately lead to disasters, regional tensions and violence.</p></blockquote>
<p>In ENVSEC <a href="http://www.envsec.org/southcauc/" target="_blank" class="liexternal">priorities and future challenges</a> you could read:</p>
<blockquote><p>The Southern Caucasus, composed of <strong>Armenia</strong>, <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>, and <strong>Georgia</strong>, has long been a focal point for change and a bridge between Asia and Europe. The region is in the midst of a tumultuous transition and has seen multiple inter-state and ethnic conflicts in its recent past, some of them escalating to full-scale warfare. In this context, the lack of regional cooperation threatens to exacerbate <strong>environmental issues, themselves a source of potential conflict in the region</strong>. Among the environmental concerns identified by ENVSEC in the Southern Caucasus are the management of shared natural resources (not least in the Kura-Araks river basin which covers a large part of the region), pollution from ageing industries and irrigation networks, and uncontrolled growth of capital cities. On the positive side there are quite a few opportunities to foster cooperation between the countries in the environmental field.</p></blockquote>
<p>Some other sources of reading:</p>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;"><a href="http://www.afes-press.de/html/pdf/Brauch_water_Bruessel_100324.pdf" target="_blank" class="lipdf">Water and security – An European Perspective</a> (issued March 2010)<br />
<a href="http://www.haitiinnovation.org/en/2009/04/28/saving-haitis-environment-preventing-instability-and-conflict" target="_blank" class="liexternal">Saving Haiti&#8217;s environment, preventing instability and conflict</a><br />
<a href="http://www.iucn.org/about/work/initiatives/sp_cprihome/sp_cpri_themes_/sp_cpri_food/" class="liexternal">Biodiversity, Ecosystems, and Food Security</a><br />
<a href="http://www.mmrfbz.org/Welcome_to_Maya_Mountain_Research_Farm.html" class="liexternal">Food security through biodiversity</a><br />
A FAO article related to <a href="http://www.fao.org/biodiversity/biodiversity-home/en/" class="liexternal">agrobiodiversity and food security</a></p>
<br /><div><img src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/wp-content/plugins/gd-star-rating/gfx.php?value=0.0" /></div><div>Rating: 0.0/<strong>10</strong> (0 votes cast)</div><br /><script type="text/javascript">var wordpress_toolbar_urls = ["http:\/\/blog.humaneasy.com\/http://blog.humaneasy.com\/files\/2010\/07\/DSC03201.jpg","http:\/\/svs.gsfc.nasa.gov\/vis\/a000000\/a002600\/a002640\/a002640_slate.jpg","http:\/\/blog.humaneasy.com\/http://blog.humaneasy.com\/files\/2010\/07\/DSC03349.jpg","http:\/\/www.ceeweb.org\/cbd\/cop10\/ngo_preparatory_meeting\/index.html)","http:\/\/www.ceeweb.org\/cbd\/cop10\/ngo_preparatory_meeting\/index.html","http:\/\/www.ceeweb.org\/cbd\/cop10\/ngo_preparatory_meeting\/index.html","http:\/\/www.teebweb.org","http:\/\/www.envsec.org\/","http:\/\/www.nato.int\/cps\/en\/natolive\/topics_49216.htm","http:\/\/www.envsec.org\/southcauc\/","http:\/\/www.afes-press.de\/html\/pdf\/Brauch_water_Bruessel_100324.pdf","http:\/\/www.haitiinnovation.org\/en\/2009\/04\/28\/saving-haitis-environment-preventing-instability-and-conflict","http:\/\/www.iucn.org\/about\/work\/initiatives\/sp_cprihome\/sp_cpri_themes_\/sp_cpri_food\/","http:\/\/www.mmrfbz.org\/Welcome_to_Maya_Mountain_Research_Farm.html","http:\/\/www.fao.org\/biodiversity\/biodiversity-home\/en\/"];var wordpress_toolbar_url = "http://www.humaneasy.com/outbar";var wordpress_toolbar_oinw = "oinw";var wordpress_toolbar_hash = "aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuaHVtYW5lYXN5LmNvbS9wYXVsYS9iaW9kaXZlcnNpdHktaXMtYS1tYXR0ZXItb2Ytc2VjdXJpdHkvPHdwdGI%2BQmlvZGl2ZXJzaXR5IGxvc3Mg4oCTIEEgbWF0dGVyIG9mIFNFQ1VSSVRZPzx3cHRiPmh0dHA6Ly9ibG9nLmh1bWFuZWFzeS5jb208d3B0Yj5tZWFuaW5nZnVsbA%3D%3D";</script>]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>The Fantastic Caspian Sea</title>
		<link>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/the-fantastic-caspian-sea/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/the-fantastic-caspian-sea/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 23 Jul 2010 17:55:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Paula Lopes da Silva</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[On Life]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Work]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Azerbaijan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[caspian coast]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[caspian sea]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[caucasus region]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ceeweb]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[deforestation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[endemic species]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fish species]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[overexploitation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[overfishing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[quercus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sturgeon]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[turkmenistan]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.humaneasy.com/?p=693</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>An oil source packed with endemisms As a Portuguese, I never had much interest on inland seas, such as the Black Sea, the Aral Sea, or Caspian Sea. But now, visiting Azerbaijan, a republic of the Caucasus region and having walked by the maritime... <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/the-fantastic-caspian-sea/">Read more</a></p><br /><div><img src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/wp-content/plugins/gd-star-rating/gfx.php?value=0.0" /></div><div>Rating: 0.0/<strong>10</strong> (0 votes cast)</div><br />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3>An oil source packed with endemisms</h3>
<p class="first-child "><a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2010/07/caspian_sea.jpg" class="liimagelink"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-697" src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2010/07/caspian_sea-338x430.jpg" alt="" width="338" height="430" /></a><br />
<span title="A" class="cap"><span>A</span></span>s a Portuguese, I never had much interest on inland seas, such as the Black Sea, the Aral Sea, or Caspian Sea. But now, visiting <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/azerbaijan/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>, a republic of the <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/caucasus-region/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with caucasus region">Caucasus region</a> and having walked by the maritime water front at Baku, the capital city of the country, I wanted to know more. I only have heard about the existence of the <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/sturgeon/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with sturgeon">Sturgeon</a>, that fantastic mega-fish which has vanished along time ago from many EU rivers.</p>
<p>During my stay at the country I saw an article on the Caspian in a magazine I came across on <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/business/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with Business">business</a> and development. It mentioned a rather low number of species, but also that it got closed around 5 million years ago, a unique salty lake, with a shallow morphology in the north and much deeper in the south. It is fed by several rivers, but there is no outflow to other oceans; it is isolated and the balance is kept by evaporation.</p>
<p>That made me think that even the Caspian might be quite polluted, there must be or at least have been a lot of endemic species. 5 million years is enough time for species to evolute into new ones.</p>
<p>I found the following data in <a href="http://www.worldlakes.org/lakedetails.asp?lakeid=8762" title="World Lakes" target="_blank" class="liexternal">World Lakes</a>:</p>
<blockquote><p>The Caspian Sea may be home to as many as 54 endemic <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/fish-species/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with fish species">fish species</a> (out of 133 total), 190 endemic zoobenthos species (out of 380) and 64 endemic zooplankton species (out of 315 species).</p>
<p>Species in the Caspian listed in the Red Book as endangered include 63 birds, 41 mammals, and 27 fish.</p>
<p>125 thousand square km of the coast around the Caspian Sea is <strong>severely degraded</strong>. Parts of the Caspian coast are experiencing desertification due to overexploitation and poor management. Overgrazing and deforestation in the watershed have led to increased erosion.</p>
<p>Severe <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/overfishing/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with overfishing">overfishing</a> has decimated fish species and caused sharp declines in catches. Between 1920 and 1940, the most common commercial species were the <strong>Caspian lamprey, Volga shad, Caspian trout, and Caspian inconnu</strong>. The total catch of these species was about 80 thousand tons. All these species are now included in the <strong>Red Books</strong> of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Russian Federation, and other Caspian states.</p>
<p>In the Islamic Republic of Iran over-fishing of Caspian <strong>trout, bream, </strong>and <strong>zander</strong>, along with the damage of their habitats and spawning grounds, has resulted in an almost complete loss of these species. The Caspian zander disappeared due to massive catches in Azerbaijan and <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/turkmenistan/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a>.</p>
<p>During the last twenty years, the <strong>sturgeon catch has declined by 88 percent</strong>.</p>
<p><strong>90% of the Beluga</strong> spawning grounds are gone due to dams. Poaching may take up about 12 times the volume of the official catch.</p>
<p>More research is needed on the impact of invasive species on the Caspian. The comb jelly Mnemiopsis leidyi has recently been discovered.</p></blockquote>
<p>More on the <a href="http://www.zin.ru/projects/caspdiv/index.html" class="liexternal">biodiversity of the Caspian Sea</a> and <a href="http://www.unep.org/dewa/giwa/publications/articles/ambio/article_6.pdf" class="lipdf">an interesting article on environmental change</a>.</p>
<br /><div><img src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/wp-content/plugins/gd-star-rating/gfx.php?value=0.0" /></div><div>Rating: 0.0/<strong>10</strong> (0 votes cast)</div><br /><script type="text/javascript">var wordpress_toolbar_urls = ["http:\/\/blog.humaneasy.com\/http://blog.humaneasy.com\/files\/2010\/07\/caspian_sea.jpg","http:\/\/www.worldlakes.org\/lakedetails.asp?lakeid=8762","http:\/\/www.zin.ru\/projects\/caspdiv\/index.html","http:\/\/www.unep.org\/dewa\/giwa\/publications\/articles\/ambio\/article_6.pdf"];var wordpress_toolbar_url = "http://www.humaneasy.com/outbar";var wordpress_toolbar_oinw = "oinw";var wordpress_toolbar_hash = "aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuaHVtYW5lYXN5LmNvbS9wYXVsYS90aGUtZmFudGFzdGljLWNhc3BpYW4tc2VhLzx3cHRiPlRoZSBGYW50YXN0aWMgQ2FzcGlhbiBTZWE8d3B0Yj5odHRwOi8vYmxvZy5odW1hbmVhc3kuY29tPHdwdGI%2BbWVhbmluZ2Z1bGw%3D";</script>]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>REN, Cidades e Calamidades</title>
		<link>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/ren-cidades-e-calamidades/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/ren-cidades-e-calamidades/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 05 Apr 2010 20:02:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Paula Lopes da Silva</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Ambiente]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[On Politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[alterações climáticas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversidade]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[calamidade]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[catástrofes naturais]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[consumismo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[leito de cheias]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[madeira]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[planeamento]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[portugal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[proteção civil]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[rede de proteção nacional]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reserva agricola]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reserva ecológica]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sustentabilidade]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[urbanismo]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.humaneasy.com/?p=474</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>Cerca de 1 mês e meio depois do desastre que se abateu sobre a Ilha da Madeira, é tempo de pensar em termos de médio e longo prazo. E não só sobre a Madeira, mas sobre todo o território nacional. O problema da impermeabilização de solos... <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/ren-cidades-e-calamidades/">Read more</a></p><br /><div><img src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/wp-content/plugins/gd-star-rating/gfx.php?value=0.0" /></div><div>Rating: 0.0/<strong>10</strong> (0 votes cast)</div><br />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="first-child " style="text-align: center"><a href="http://www.ionline.pt/ifotogaleria/48308-31091-madeira-especialista-diz-que-e-um-erro-reconstruir-o-que-enxurrada-levou" class="liimagelink"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-477" title="&quot;Inundações na Madeira&quot; - Agência Lusa, via i-Online" src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2010/02/madeira-iOnline-429x285.jpg" alt="" width="429" height="285" /></a></p>
<p><span title="C" class="cap"><span>C</span></span>erca de 1 mês e meio depois do desastre que se abateu sobre a Ilha da <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/madeira/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with madeira">Madeira</a>, é tempo de pensar em termos de médio e longo prazo.</p>
<p>E não só sobre a Madeira, mas sobre todo o território nacional. O problema da impermeabilização de solos mantém-se, apesar de já ser antigo e não por falta de avisos de quem sabe e estuda estes assuntos. Leia-se um artigo do DN que foi citado na Lista AMBIO:</p>
<blockquote><p><span style="font-weight: bolder;font-size: 1.5em">Quem busca a ribeira&#8230;</span><br />
<span style="font-weight: bold">Trabalho científico mostra os perigos das ribeiras do Funchal</span><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><em>in</em> <a href="http://www.dnoticias.pt/Default.aspx?file_id=dn04010205220210" target="_blank" class="liexternal">DN, 22 de Fevereiro de 2010</a>, por Jorge Freitas Sousa</span></p>
<p>«Quem busca a ribeira, a ribeira vai buscar», foi o título de um artigo da Revista do DIÁRIO, publicado em Novembro de 2005 e da autoria de João Baptista Silva, Fernando Almeida e Celso Gomes, o primeiro com um doutoramento em Geociência e os outros dois docentes universitários. Um artigo que resumia um trabalho científico, apresentado num congresso de geologia e que abordava a situação das ribeiras do Funchal.</p>
<p>O texto, baseado em estudos técnicos destes investigadores da Universidade de Aveiro, alertava para os perigos que estavam a aumentar, na capital madeirense, devido à construção de vários edifícios e outras infra-estruturas.</p>
<p>João Baptista, dos três autores do trabalho o único madeirense, escusou-se a tecer comentários sobre a tragédia que se abateu sobre o Funchal, sobretudo porque há a lamentar um número muito elevado de mortos e feridos.</p>
<p>No entanto, o DIÁRIO recorda um trabalho que chegou a ser alvo de muitas críticas do Governo, mas que apontava várias das situações que se verificaram no passado sábado.</p>
<p>O estudo alertava para a crescente construção na baixa e o estreitamento e ocupação dos leitos das ribeiras. Factores que criaram uma impermeabilização dos solos o que, pode ler-se no artigo, &#8220;representa um perigo crescente face à possível ocorrência de cheias&#8221;.</p>
<p>Doze anos depois das cheias de 1993, garantiam os técnicos, o Funchal estava &#8220;ainda mais vulnerável às ameaças da <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/natureza/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with natureza">Natureza</a>&#8221;.<br />
A grande construção abaixo do solo, como era o caso do edifício &#8216;Funchal Centrum&#8217;, agora &#8216;Dolce Vita&#8217;, era apontada como um dos principais perigos.<br />
As freguesias de Santa Luzia, Santa Maria Maior e São Pedro eram apontadas como tendo várias situações de ocupação do subsolo.<br />
Parques de estacionamento, com vários andares abaixo do nível da estrada, eram referidos como algumas das situações mais perigosas.</p>
<p>No artigo da Revista do Diário eram mostradas imagens da construção do &#8216;Dolce Vita&#8217; e a situação em que se encontrava o Centro Comercial Anadia, mais precisamente o parque de estacionamento.</p></blockquote>
<p>Profecias e expectabilidade de tragédias bem podiam servir para alguma coisa. Parece que apesar de todos os avisos, as coisas parecem inexoravelmente dirigir-se não só para o desastre, mas ainda para uma insustentável impunidade.</p>
<blockquote><p><strong>Raimundo quintal considera que a tragédia &#8220;era expectável&#8221;</strong></p>
<p>O geógrafo e antigo vereador do <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/ambiente/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with Ambiente">ambiente</a> da Câmara Municipal do Funchal, Raimundo Quintal, afirmou ontem que a tragédia era &#8220;expectável&#8221;.</p>
<p>Ao longo de vários anos, foi uma das vozes mais críticas em relação às obras feitas no leito das ribeiras e à impermeabilização dos solos, sobretudo no Funchal. Quintal criticou a obstrução de várias ribeiras, ainda antes da tragédia de Outubro de 1993.</p></blockquote>
<p>Ainda antes deste artigo, já há <strong>um quarto de século</strong>, escrevia proféticamente <a href="http://folclore-online.com/pessoas/cecilio_gomes_silva.html" target="_blank" class="liexternal">Cecílio Gomes da Silva</a> (1923-2005) no “Diário de Notícias” do Funchal o artigo &#8220;<a href="http://ambio.blogspot.com/2010/02/eu-tive-um-sonho.html" title="Clique para ler o artigo" target="_blank" class="liexternal"><strong>Eu tive um sonho</strong></a>&#8221; em que apontava uma série de erros e problemas e em que esta &#8220;<a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/calamidade/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with calamidade">calamidade</a>&#8221; já se vislumbrava muito bem.</p>
<p>Todo este caso da Madeira no entanto é também o caso do Continente. Por exemplo, a famigerada e maltratada REN — <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/reserva-ecologica/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with reserva ecológica">Reserva Ecológica</a> Nacional — nunca foi bem aceite pelos políticos na sua finalidade última, a de protecção não só das funções naturais, mas por acréscimo, a de protecção das pessoas. Batalhamos sempre a mesma batalha: <strong>a das vantagens do curto prazo para alguns</strong> versus <strong>as vantagens do longo prazo para todos</strong>. Mas deste lado com muito menos vozes e sobretudo com menos interesses ou menos euros em <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/movimento/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with movimento">movimento</a>.</p>
<p>Será que uma mudança de nome podia ter ajudado, e em vez de REN podíamos ter uma RPN &#8211; <strong>Reserva de Protecção Nacional</strong>? Duvido que tivesse alterado do lado dos políticos e dos interesses de alguns, mas poderia ter ajudado do outro, do lado de uma melhor compreensão pelas populações de porque é que não se deve construir numa zona húmida, porque é que não se devem ocupar ribeiras, ou destruir sapais, etc.</p>
<p>Os PDMs vão andando, alguns feitos desde logo à medida dos interesses, e cada vez com  mais margem para destruir e desanexar (deve ser daí que vem a letra D?). Sabemos que as <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/alteracoes-climaticas/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with alterações climáticas">alterações climáticas</a> são já inevitáveis; sabemos que muito provavelmente um dia haverá certamente um terramoto de forte intensidade; sabemos que fazer barragens é ambientalmente insustentável; sabemos que não devemos impermeabilizar o solo&#8230; mas lá vamos esperando de forma irresponsável ou dormente que nas nossas vilas e cidades não se abatam tão depressa mais calamidades. Como dizia o outro, &#8220;<em>cá se vai andando, com a cabeça entre as orelhas</em>&#8220;.</p>
<p>Só que falta andar muito. Das ONG ambientalistas poucas se dedicam de forma sistemática às questões do ordenamento do território. Também que fundos lhes permitiriam fazer esse trabalho? Também não é um assunto que dê para fazer projectos com <em>glamour</em> que possam ser patrocinados por uma bebida ou outra coisa qualquer. Só que é talvez o maior problema ambiental de <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/portugal/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with portugal">Portugal</a>.</p>
<p><div class="note"><div class="noteclassic"><span style="font-size: 1.05em;font-weight: bolder">Alguns links interessantes a ler:</span><br />
<a href="http://madeira-gentes-lugares.blogspot.com/2007/08/desastres-naturais-no-arquiplago-da.html" target="_blank"><br />
Desastres naturais no arquipélago da Madeira</a>, <a href="http://bmfunchal.blogs.sapo.pt/5987.html" target="_blank" class="liexternal">O aluvião de 9 de Outubro de 1803</a>, <a href="http://www.ceha-madeira.net/elucidario/intr.htm" target="_blank" class="liexternal">Elucidário Madeirense</a>, <a href="http://www.ceha-madeira.net/elucidario/a/alu.html" target="_blank" class="liexternal">Aluviões</a>, <a href="http://www.ceha-madeira.net/elucidario/m/mur1.htm" target="_blank" class="liexternal">Muralhas das Ribeiras</a>, <a href="http://www.ceha-madeira.net/elucidario/o/oud1.htm" target="_blank" class="liexternal">Reinaldo Oudinot e o aluvião de 1803</a>.</div></div></p>
<br /><div><img src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/wp-content/plugins/gd-star-rating/gfx.php?value=0.0" /></div><div>Rating: 0.0/<strong>10</strong> (0 votes cast)</div><br /><script type="text/javascript">var wordpress_toolbar_urls = ["http:\/\/www.ionline.pt\/ifotogaleria\/48308-31091-madeira-especialista-diz-que-e-um-erro-reconstruir-o-que-enxurrada-levou","http:\/\/www.dnoticias.pt\/Default.aspx?file_id=dn04010205220210","http:\/\/folclore-online.com\/pessoas\/cecilio_gomes_silva.html","http:\/\/ambio.blogspot.com\/2010\/02\/eu-tive-um-sonho.html","http:\/\/madeira-gentes-lugares.blogspot.com\/2007\/08\/desastres-naturais-no-arquiplago-da.html","http:\/\/bmfunchal.blogs.sapo.pt\/5987.html","http:\/\/www.ceha-madeira.net\/elucidario\/intr.htm","http:\/\/www.ceha-madeira.net\/elucidario\/a\/alu.html","http:\/\/www.ceha-madeira.net\/elucidario\/m\/mur1.htm","http:\/\/www.ceha-madeira.net\/elucidario\/o\/oud1.htm"];var wordpress_toolbar_url = "http://www.humaneasy.com/outbar";var wordpress_toolbar_oinw = "oinw";var wordpress_toolbar_hash = "aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuaHVtYW5lYXN5LmNvbS9wYXVsYS9yZW4tY2lkYWRlcy1lLWNhbGFtaWRhZGVzLzx3cHRiPlJFTiwgQ2lkYWRlcyBlIENhbGFtaWRhZGVzPHdwdGI%2BaHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuaHVtYW5lYXN5LmNvbTx3cHRiPm1lYW5pbmdmdWxs";</script>]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Trondheim: A realistic or idealistic biodiversity &#8220;target&#8221;?</title>
		<link>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/trondheim-a-realistic-or-idealistic-biodiversity-target/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/trondheim-a-realistic-or-idealistic-biodiversity-target/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 04 Feb 2010 22:43:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Paula Lopes da Silva</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversitish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversity crisis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversytish]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[idealistic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mission]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[realistic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[target]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[trondheim]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[values]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[vision]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.humaneasy.com/?p=316</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>Recent echoes on the on-going discussions about setting a new target for Biodiversity in 2020, make us think the question seems to be if the target must be either realistic or something more close to the ideal we want to achieve. Indeed a... <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/trondheim-a-realistic-or-idealistic-biodiversity-target/">Read more</a></p><br /><div><img src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/wp-content/plugins/gd-star-rating/gfx.php?value=0.0" /></div><div>Rating: 0.0/<strong>10</strong> (0 votes cast)</div><br />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="first-child "><a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/trondheim-a-realistic-or-idealistic-biodiversity-target/trondheimconf/" rel="attachment wp-att-321" class="liimagelink"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-321" title="Trondheim Conference" src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2010/02/trondheimconf.png" alt="" width="430" height="374" /></a></p>
<p><span title="R" class="cap"><span>R</span></span>ecent echoes on the on-going discussions about setting a new <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/target/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with target">target</a> for <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/biodiversity/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with biodiversity">Biodiversity</a> in 2020, make us think the question seems to be if the <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/target/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with target">target</a> must be either realistic or something more close to the ideal we want to achieve.</p>
<p>Indeed a target seems not just to be only a goal (the ultimate goal we&#8217;d like to achieve would be to halt the <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/loss-of-biodiversity/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with loss of biodiversity">loss of biodiversity</a> and restore the lost one), but &#8220;target&#8221; seems to mean an actually achievable goal. I copied below the 11 meanings of the word &#8220;target&#8221; and put in red the one useful for us.</p>
<p>However, people need ideals to put traction on their lives and action, not just expectable, mid-average realistic goals!</p>
<p>When we deal with the methodology of strategic thinking of organizations, we use the word &#8220;<strong><a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/vision/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with vision">Vision</a></strong>&#8221; to define the ideal scenario we would like to achieve one day, somewhere in future. Then we define the &#8220;<strong><a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/mission/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with mission">Mission</a></strong>&#8220;, which is what we are or will be doing to get there or to contribute to get there. And finally many organizations also define their &#8220;<strong><a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/values/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with values">Values</a></strong>&#8220;, which may be points were we have to put some effort and act as orientation references in future decisions or options (many like to adopt transparency, participation, etc).</p>
<p>Targets and indicators are things we define at a lower and more detailed level, on specific items.</p>
<p>The problem therefore, in my view is first of all a linguistic one and also a problem of lack of metodology on strategic thinking, here applicable to our &#8220;planetary organization&#8221;.</p>
<p>First of all: what is our <strong>Vision</strong>, in terms of an ideal <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/planet/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with planet">planet</a>? Which biodiversity would we want for an ideal world?</p>
<p>Then, what is our <strong>Mission</strong>? What are we assuming/saying we will actually do in order to contribute to that ideal situation?</p>
<p>Not to mention the Values: What are our values, regarding our relation as humans with biodiversity, or the options to save biodiversity, or halt its loss? Could it be competitivity? Could it be cooperation? Frugality? Or the opposite of greed? Etc. This part is harder to define.</p>
<p>Maybe all the methodology of strategic thinking around the &#8220;target&#8221; for biodiversity is wrong. People should have to think first on those things, and only then, in the final result to be achieved. I personally believe that the effort people do to achieve some ideal situation is often more valuable than the final result they actually achieve, which might be limited by outside factors. The will, the effort, the determination is something valuable. And depends on us, not on any meteor that might fall upon the Earth and cause some new extinction again.</p>
<p>Hence, I think we should put more emphasis on what are we committed TO DO do actually, in order to achieve that something. The new phrasing should <strong>commit</strong> people.</p>
<p>And then eventually we could change the phrasing of &#8220;2020 target: (&#8230;)&#8221; into: &#8220;<strong>2020 &#8211; One Vision, one Mission</strong>: (&#8230;)&#8221;</p>
<p><div class="note"><div class="notetip"><br />
<strong>Target<sup>1</sup></strong><br />
Definition: A kind of small shield or buckler, used as a defensive weapon in war.<br />
<strong>Target<sup>2</sup></strong><br />
Definition: A butt or mark to shoot at, as for practice, or to test the accuracy of a firearm, or theforce of a projectile.<br />
<strong>Target<sup>3</sup></strong><br />
Definition: The pattern or arrangement of a series of hits made by a marksman on a butt or mark;as, he made a good target.<br />
<strong>Target<sup>4</sup></strong><br />
Definition: The sliding crosspiece, or vane, on a leveling staff.<br />
<strong>Target<sup>5</sup></strong><br />
Definition: A conspicuous disk attached to a switch lever to show its position, or for use as a signal.<br />
<strong>Target<sup>6</sup></strong><br />
Definition: sports equipment consisting of an object set up for a marksman or archer to aim at<br />
<strong>Target<sup>7</sup></strong><br />
Definition: the goal intended to be attained (and which is believed to be attainable); &#8220;the sole object of her trip was to see her children&#8221;<br />
<strong>Target<sup>8</sup></strong><br />
Definition: a reference point to shoot at; &#8220;his arrow hit the mark&#8221;<br />
<strong>Target<sup>9</sup></strong><br />
Definition: the location of the target that is to be hit<br />
<strong>Target<sup>10</sup></strong><br />
Definition: a person who is the aim of an attack (especially a victim of ridicule or exploitation) bysome hostile person or influence; &#8220;he fell prey to muggers&#8221;; &#8220;everyone was fair game&#8221;; &#8220;the target of a manhunt&#8221;<br />
<strong>Target<sup>11</sup></strong><br />
Definition: intend (something) to move towards a certain goal; &#8220;He aimed his fists towards hisopponent&#8221;s face&#8221;; &#8220;criticism directed at her superior&#8221;; &#8220;direct your anger towards others, not towardsyourself&#8221;</p>
<p><span style="font-weight: normal;font-size: 8px">Source: &#8220;Target&#8221; at <a href="http://ardictionary.com/Target/818" target="_blank" class="liexternal">The ARDictionary</a></span></div></div></p>
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		<item>
		<title>URGENTE! Diversidade de Acções para Cuidar a Biodiversidade</title>
		<link>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/urgente-diversidade-de-accoes-para-cuidar-a-biodiversidade/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/urgente-diversidade-de-accoes-para-cuidar-a-biodiversidade/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 02 Feb 2010 14:28:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Paula Lopes da Silva</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Events]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[On Humaneasy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversidade]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[COP9]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[desenvolvimento]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ecossistemas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[europeia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[IUCN]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[natureza]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Planeta]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.humaneasy.com/?p=297</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>Esta apresentação insere-se no tema geral do conceito e da ética do “Cuidar”, tratando-se aqui de cuidar da natureza e cuidar o futuro do planeta Terra. Apresentada no Ciclo de Conferências “A Dimensão do Cuidar na... <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/urgente-diversidade-de-accoes-para-cuidar-a-biodiversidade/">Read more</a></p><br /><div><img src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/wp-content/plugins/gd-star-rating/gfx.php?value=0.0" /></div><div>Rating: 0.0/<strong>10</strong> (0 votes cast)</div><br />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<iframe src="http://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/1675445" width="430" height="360" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"></iframe><br/><br/>
<p class="first-child "><span title="E" class="cap"><span>E</span></span>sta apresentação insere-se no tema geral do conceito e da ética do “Cuidar”, tratando-se aqui de cuidar da <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/natureza/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with natureza">natureza</a> e cuidar o futuro do planeta Terra.</p>
<p><div class="note"><div class="notetip">Apresentada no Ciclo de Conferências “<em>A Dimensão do Cuidar na Re-Significação do Espaço Público</em>”, organizado pela <a href="http://www.fcuidarofuturo.com/" target="_blank" class="liexternal">Fundação Cuidar O Futuro</a>,  a 25 Junho 2009, no Centro Nacional de Cultura.</div></div></p>
<p>Os conteúdos desta apresentação serão focados na situação actual da Biodiversidade a nível global; Políticas na Europa; Acções de carácter voluntário; Acção das ONGs; Cuidar da biodiversidade noutras dimensões; Iniciativas locais e ainda um exemplo concreto, o caso do projecto Bio-local.</p>
<p>Comecemos pela definição de biodiversidade ou diversidade biológica. A diversidade biológica é o número, variedade e variabilidade de organismos vivos. O conceito inclui diversidade intra-específica ou dentro da espécie (diversidade genética), inter-específica ou entre espécies (riqueza de espécies), e entre ecossistemas.</p>
<p>Estudos recentes mostram que as espécies se estão a extinguir a uma taxa entre 100 a 1000 vezes superior ao normal (ou seja, comparativamente aos dados dos registos fósseis) sobretudo devido a factores directa ou indirectamente associados à acção humana.</p>
<p>Ao olharmos para o estado actual da biodiversidade, através dos dados da Análise do Milénio sobre Ecossistemas (MA) – Biodiversidade (2005), verificamos que os factores mais importantes de perda de biodiversidade e alteração dos serviços dos ecossistemas são as alterações no habitat, como por exemplo alterações no uso do solo, modificação física e drenagem de água dos rios, perda de recifes de corais, danos em fundos marinhos devido a arrastões; as alterações climáticas, que já começaram a ter impacto por exemplo nos anfíbios; a introdução de espécies exóticas invasoras que competem por recursos com as espécies locais; a exploração excessiva com destaque para a pesca; e ainda a poluição.</p>
<p>A Biodiversidade está  hoje a decair rapidamente, na União <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/europeia/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with europeia">Europeia</a> e em todo o Mundo. Apesar de aproximadamente 18% da superfície da União <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/europeia/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with europeia">Europeia</a> estar classificada como Rede Natura 2000, as paisagens estão a mudar, com impactos nas espécies e ecossistemas. Muitas espécies nativas estão ainda ameaçadas, incluindo 42% dos mamíferos, 15% das aves, 45% das borboletas, 30% dos anfíbios, 45% dos répteis e 52% dos peixes de águas interiores. 700 espécies Europeias estão ameaçadas, enquanto o número de espécies exóticas invasoras na região pan-<a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/europeia/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with europeia">Europeia</a> continua a aumentar (dados da Agência <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/europeia/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with europeia">Europeia</a> de Ambiente, na sua última avaliação pan-<a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/europeia/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with europeia">Europeia</a>)</p>
<p>Globalmente, este declínio é uma das mais graves ameaças ambientais, comparável às alterações climáticas e à degradação dos solos. O relatório internacional Millenium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA) divulgado em 2005, fez um inventário dos ecossistemas do mundo e as principais conclusões foram: “Muitos ecossistemas estão em claro declínio, com consequências de longo alcance para a humanidade (&#8230;) Algumas poderão ser mitigadas, mas apenas se houver alterações significativas nas políticas, nas instituições e nas práticas”.</p>
<p>Na <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/uniao-europeia/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with união europeia">União Europeia</a>, muitas das respostas políticas identificadas pelo MEA (2005) estão em curso, sob a forma de legislação: A Directiva <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/habitats/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with habitats">Habitats</a>, a Directiva Aves, a Directiva Quadro da Água e a Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica e Avaliação de Impacto Ambiental, que provaram ser importantes factores de mudança. Porém, estas Directivas são frequentemente implementadas de forma fraca ou incipiente e os seus requisitos não são efectivamente impostos. Ora, esta deveria ser a prioridade máxima.</p>
<p>Na Primavera de 2006, sob a Presidência Irlandesa, a Comissão Europeia publicou a Comunicação “Halting the loss of Biodiversity by 2010 &#8211; and beyond; Sustaining ecosystem services for human well-being”. “Travar a perda de biodiversidade” passou a ser um lema adoptado não só na Europa, mas também noutras instâncias internacionais ligadas ao ambiente.</p>
<p>A partir dessa Comunicação foi elaborado um Plano de Acção, com objectivos prioritários: Proteger as espécies e os habitats mais importantes; Actuar nas paisagens rurais e ambiente marinho; Tornar o <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/desenvolvimento/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with desenvolvimento">desenvolvimento</a> regional mais compatível com a Natureza; Reduzir os impactes das espécies exóticas invasoras; Promover uma melhor governação internacional; Apoiar a biodiversidade num contexto internacional; Reduzir os impactes negativos do comércio internacional; promover a adaptação às alterações climáticas; Ampliar as bases de conhecimento.</p>
<p>No contexto desse Plano de Acção foram identificadas 4 medidas de suporte adequado: Financiamento adequado; Reforço das decisões a nível Europeu; Estabelecimento de parcerias e promoção da educação pública; Sensibilização e participação.</p>
<p>Neste contexto, em particular no âmbito do estabelecimento de parcerias, durante a Presidência Portuguesa da União Europeia em 2007, surgiu da parte do governo português a ideia de lançar uma iniciativa voluntária que se designou por <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/business/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with Business">Business</a> &amp; Biodiversity, apresentada numa Conferência oficial em Novembro de 2007 em Lisboa. Esta iniciativa visa envolver o sector empresarial nos esforços para minorar os impactes na natureza e biodiversidade e tem já a adesão de várias empresas portuguesas, mas não atingiu ainda uma dimensão europeia, apesar de outros países terem também aderido.</p>
<p>As organizações não governamentais estiveram também atentas a esta iniciativa, começando pela Quercus, que foi interpelada pela Fundação Cuidar o Futuro para co-organizar um evento internacional sobre o tema, que aconteceu em Lisboa, antes do evento oficial, em Setembro de 2007. A Quercus, com outras ONG europeias, produziu em Outubro desse ano uma posição pública com 10 pontos referindo em que moldes esperava que essas parcerias para a biodiversidade fossem estabelecidas, dando conhecimento dessa posição às instâncias nacionais e europeias. Com ONG da Alemanha e Eslovénia, co-organizou ainda alguns encontros sobre esse tema na Eslovénia e Alemanha, cujos resultados se podem consultar em www.business-biodiversity.eu.</p>
<p>Outras organizações na Europa estão também activamente a trabalhar sobre esta questão do envolvimento das empresas, nomeadamente a CEE Web for Biodiversity na Hungria, a Birdlife, o WWF e numa perspectiva de pressão e posições políticas, o Greenpeace, o EEB, etc. O link www.countdown2010.net contém uma lista de todas as iniciativas que estão a ser realizadas por entidades como governos, câmaras municipais e empresas, entre outras.</p>
<p>Também a 9ª Conferência das Partes da Convenção da Diversidade Biológica, das Nações Unidas Bona, o maior encontro mundial sobre biodiversidade, que decorreu em Maio 2008, integrou esta temática do envolvimento das empresas. Em Barcelona, em Outubro do ano passado, durante o Congresso Mundial do IUCN, a maior organização mundial para a conservação da natureza, deu-se bastante destaque para a questão da valorização dos serviços dos ecossistemas e também para a participação das empresas na preservação da biodiversidade.</p>
<p>Num contexto mais alargado de envolvimento de outro tipo de organizações, poderíamos referir-nos aqui às organizações que mais directamente lidam com a transmissão deliberada de valores de ética e de moral. Como é vista a questão da conservação da natureza e Biodiversidade pelas diversas religiões e seus líderes? Por exemplo, na religião cristã, a Biodiversidade e o Planeta Terra são vistas como criação de Deus ao cuidado do Homem. As denominações evangélicas têm desenvolvido algum trabalho interessante, em termos de interligação com as temáticas ambientais, com experiências interessantes e aqui estou a lembrar-me por exemplo de uma igreja evangélica que implementou um sistema de gestão ambiental, o que normalmente é mais habitual nas empresas. Passando para o budismo, por exemplo, o líder tibetano Dalai-Lama, apelou directamente para uma alteração de costumes, no sentido de os próprios tibetanos evitarem o desaparecimento do Tigre de Bengala, deixando a tradição de usar peles dessa espécie em rituais festivos. Mas muito falta fazer e é minha opinião que os sistemas religiosos podem contribuir de forma significativa para a questão ambiental, pois são eles que formam os indivíduos em muitas das suas escolhas, através dos valores ou critérios próprios de cada religião e os líderes estão em contacto muito frequente com os seus fiéis.<br />
No caso da religião cristã, creio que seria muito interessante aprofundar de um ponto de vista teórico as potenciais ligações entre um dos principais mandamentos – o amor ao próximo – com a questão do amor às próximas gerações. De facto, o conceito de cuidar o planeta para as próximas gerações integra o conceito e a definição globalmente aceite de desenvolvimento sustentável. Não esperando que as religiões se deixem instrumentalizar por qualquer tipo de campanhas, creio que é importante haver um envolvimento dos grandes líderes mundiais, pois são eles que emanam orientações que são tidas em conta em todos os países.</p>
<p>Descendo a um nível mais prático, gostaria agora de destacar iniciativas de âmbito local, nomeadamente a LAB – Local Action for Biodiversity, projecto que consiste em mobilizar as autarquias para fazerem o seu próprio plano de acção para a biodiversidade, para além naturalmente do cumprimento da legislação de cada país. No site http://www.iclei.org/ encontramos uma lista com muitos municípios que aderiram e que têm experiências interessantes, sobretudo no que toca à biodiversidade que existe nas cidades e em volta delas.</p>
<p>Particularmente, poderia apresentar-vos um caso que conheço melhor, do envolvimento de uma autarquia nesta área da biodiversidade, por estar directamente envolvida. O Bio-Local &#8211; Diversidade de Acções Locais para a Biodiversidade é um projecto que pretende sensibilizar vários públicos para a biodiversidade, agregando várias iniciativas, sob as temáticas seguintes: Biodiversidade local e regional; Consumo, alimentação e biodiversidade; Importância da Biodiversidade agrícola</p>
<p>Trata-se de um projecto desenvolvido pela Câmara Municipal da <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/moita/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with moita">Moita</a>, envolvendo parcerias com a Quercus ANCN; a Colher para Semear &#8211; Rede Nacional de Variedades Tradicionais e a FENACOOP &#8211; Federação Nacional das Cooperativas de Consumidores. Foram envolvidas 8 turmas de crianças, de uma escola do 2º e 3º ciclos e de um ATL/Jardim de Infância.</p>
<p>Ninguém protege o que não conhece, por isso é importante conhecer a biodiversidade local e regional. Nesse sentido fez-se no primeiro período lectivo uma visita à zona ribeirinha do concelho da Moita, que se estende desde a freguesia de Sarilhos Pequenos até à Baixa da Banheira, passando por Gaio-Rosário, Moita e Alhos Vedros. Apenas o Vale da Amoreira não tem actualmente zona ribeirinha.</p>
<p>Uma segunda saída de campo foi dedicada especialmente aos Invertebrados e Peixes do Estuário do Tejo, no Rosário, destacando a importância dos invertebrados na base da cadeia trófica do estuário.</p>
<p>Mostra-se uma ostreira do Neolítico, encontrada no ano passado por arqueólogos na freguesia do Gaio-Rosário, demonstrando a ligação directa dos recursos faunísticos locais e desta espécie em particular com a presença do Homem. As ostras do Tejo desapareceram devido à poluição, mas prevê-se que venham a reaparecer quando as águas forem tratadas pelas Estações de Tratamento de Águas Residuais, agora em construção.</p>
<p>Foi também realizada em Maio e Junho uma 3ª Saída com os alunos, dedicada às Aves e seus Habitats, que incluiu uma visita às salinas em Alcochete, um caso de meio humanizado que não obstante, pode ser gerido de forma a ser benéfico para a avifauna.</p>
<p>A segunda vertente do projecto incidiu no tema “biodiversidade e consumo”, em particular de produtos alimentares. Fizeram-se actividades nas lojas da Pluricoop, uma cooperativa de consumidores, com as “Lições do consumidor” sobre Biodiversidade; um inquérito aos utentes das lojas sobre conhecimentos ambientais, critérios de escolha e hábitos de leitura de rótulos e selos de certificação; distribuição de folhetos e fez-se também um levantamento dos produtos e marcas existentes nas lojas, para aferir da existência de produtos com potenciais impactes na biodiversidade.</p>
<p>As cooperativas de consumo na Europa têm um desenvolvimento muito diferenciado conforme os países, mas destaca-se o caso da França e Itália, onde o peso do sector no mercado retalhista é significativo. A Itália leva de facto um bom adiantamento, com iniciativas concretas no sentido de diminuir o impacte de alguns produtos sobre a biodiversidade. Por exemplo, várias lojas retiraram das suas prateleiras todas as latas de atum vermelho do Mediterrâneo, uma espécie em vias de desaparecer, e além disso decidiram apresentar para venda atum cujos métodos de pesca estejam certificados como sendo seguros para os golfinhos, que normalmente sofrem grande mortalidade na pesca convencional do atum. Naturalmente que estes critérios e outros de carácter ambiental deveriam ser o mais divulgados possível, pelo que o ideal seria que a confederação europeia de cooperativas, a Eurocoop, impulsionasse também as mudanças necessárias.</p>
<p>A terceira vertente do projecto focou-se na Biodiversidade Agrícola. Porque é importante não restringir a nossa dieta alimentar a meia dúzia de variedades? Porque é importante manter a paisagem com biodiversidade em vez de monoculturas? Porque é importante preservar as sementes das variedades rejeitadas pelos mercados, que se têm concentrado em vender frutos e legumes capazes de resistir ao frio das arcas frigoríficas, mas talvez com menos sabor, e menos conteúdo nutricional? Estas questões foram discutidas numa escola do 2º e 3º ciclos e numa escola secundária, com o apoio da associação Colher para Semear, que se dedica à colecta de sementes de muitas variedades e à sua preservação, não congeladas num banco genético, mas sim vivas, nas hortas de pessoas individuais por todo o país. Assim preservadas na terra, nos hábitos alimentares, à mesa das pessoas, elas permanecem também mais vivas, perto do olhar e do coração das pessoas. Por isso, os alunos não se ficaram pelas palavras, mas contribuíram plantando em ambas as escolas hortas com variedades regionais, para que a escola seja também guardiã da biodiversidade agrícola.</p>
<p>Para além do Bio-local, o Município da Moita também tem promovido outras iniciativas indirectamente ligadas à biodiversidade agrícola, como é o projecto <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/agricultura/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with agricultura">Agricultura</a> Biológica e Compostagem nas Escolas desde 1999; o Mãos à Horta – curso de formação dos munícipes sobre como fazer uma horta biológica e compostagem nos quintais e por último a Biofesta – Mostra de projectos e produtos biológicos desde 2005.</p>
<p>O projecto Agricultura Biológica e Compostagem nas Escolas realiza-se ao longo de praticamente todo o ano lectivo e inclui módulos de Compostagem de resíduos orgânicos; Preparação do terreno e sementeira; Plantação com variedades regionais; Luta biológica e finalmente a Prova de produtos.</p>
<p>Outros programas educacionais, promovidos por ONGs, como o programa Eco-Escolas e o Coastwatch, que a autarquia da Moita e muitas outras no país têm apoiado, também têm uma componente na temática da biodiversidade. Apresento imagens de materiais usados na comemoração do Dia Mundial do Ambiente &#8211; 5 de Junho, na Moita, que neste ano foi dedicada ao ambiente na zona ribeirinha, incluindo a biodiversidade.</p>
<p><strong>É portanto possível envolver, de formas diferentes, entidades muito diversas neste esforço urgente de travarmos a perda de biodiversidade, numa óptica de cuidar o presente e o futuro do planeta Terra.</strong></p>
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		<title>Biodiversity &#8211; Phrasing a New (meaningful) Target</title>
		<link>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/biodiversity-phrasing-a-new-meaningful-target/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/biodiversity-phrasing-a-new-meaningful-target/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 19 Jan 2010 00:30:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Paula Lopes da Silva</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[On Politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[2010]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[consumption]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[economic value]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[habitats]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[invasive alien species]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[loss of biodiversity]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.humaneasy.com/?p=225</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>Phrasing a new target to replace the passed “Halt of Biodiversity loss by 2010” is quite difficult. First because we failed to achieve the target in 2010. If we keep the same phrasing and just replace the time line by a new one, people may... <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/biodiversity-phrasing-a-new-meaningful-target/">Read more</a></p><br /><div><img src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/wp-content/plugins/gd-star-rating/gfx.php?value=0.0" /></div><div>Rating: 0.0/<strong>10</strong> (0 votes cast)</div><br />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="first-child "><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-242" title="«Biodiversity target for 2010» by Paula Silva" src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2010/01/eubiodiversityloss2010.png" alt="«Biodiversity target for 2010» by Paula Silva" width="430" height="332" /></p>
<p><span title="P" class="cap"><span>P</span></span>hrasing a new <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/target/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with target">target</a> to replace the <em>passed</em> “Halt of <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/biodiversity/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with biodiversity">Biodiversity</a> loss by 2010” is quite difficult. First because we failed to achieve the target in 2010. If we keep the same phrasing and just replace the time line by a new one, people may suspect the commitment is not that serious and the result might be the same in the end…</p>
<p>We failed 2010 for many reasons. One of them was not tackling the drivers behind the causes for the <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/loss-of-biodiversity/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with loss of biodiversity">loss of biodiversity</a>. But it is consensual that the most important direct cause for biodiversity loss is habitat deterioration and loss. Then we also have over-exploitation, <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/invasive-alien-species/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with invasive alien species">invasive alien species</a>, pollution and <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/climate-change/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with climate change">climate change</a> as major ones.</p>
<p>Thinking about that, we could start by the referred main direct cause: loss and <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/degradation/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with degradation">degradation</a> of habitat, which could includes damage by pollution and climate change and to some extent <acronym title="Invasive Alien Species">IAS</acronym>. Therefore, a new phrasing could result in:</p>
<h3>HALTING THE LOSS OF NATURAL HABITATS BY 2020</h3>
<p>But this target phrasing excludes for instances the loss of biodiversity by over-exploitation, which is important. There can be over-exploitation without a significative damage on the habitat itself.</p>
<p>Therefore, it is not good enough. What about a new target that encompasses the causes, and not the consequences or results (more or less biodiversity), and therefore generates a higher sense of tangible commitment? In fact most of the times human action does not hit biodiversity itself, nor people desire such consequences. Human activities hit more commonly the life support systems.</p>
<p>Anyway, the meaning of the word “target” is indeed what we want to achieve as a final result.</p>
<p>However, going back to the beginning and reflecting on the ultimate drivers for biodiversity loss, we ultimately find out that they are closely related to the present economic model of unsustainable production and <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/consumption/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with consumption">consumption</a> of natural resources. Studies such as <a href="http://www.teebweb.org" title="The Economics of Ecosistems and Biodiversity" target="_blank" class="liexternal">TEEB</a> show us that money valuable <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/ecosystem/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with ecosystem">ecosystem</a> services are lost as a result of unsustainable <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/development/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with Development">development</a>, or that they are – if preserved in A healthy state – a vital capital for our lives and ultimately for the long term sustainability of the economies on Earth.</p>
<p>A target phrasing that would encompass everything biodiversity-related: habitats, biodiversity, landscape, money-value of ecosystems and at the same time hit better the minds of politicians, economists and <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/business/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with Business">business</a> people, without excluding the general public, could eventually be drawn.</p>
<p>After the financial crises everybody heard about bail-outs and injection of capital, as means to re-balance the system. Nature does not do bail-outs, it needs its capital maintained and preserved. But “natural capital” is now a more frequent expression. Some fierce anti-capitalists may feel some repulse for the word “capital”, but a new daring, ambitious but objective target could be:</p>
<h3>HALTING THE LOSS OF NATURAL CAPITAL BY 2020</h3>
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		<title>2010 &#124; Ano Internacional da Biodiversidade</title>
		<link>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/2010-ano-internacional-da-biodiversidade/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/2010-ano-internacional-da-biodiversidade/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 31 Dec 2009 23:47:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Paula Lopes da Silva</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Featured]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[2010]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ban ki-moon]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversidade]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[E. O. Wilson]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[humanity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Paul Ehrlic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[united nations]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.humaneasy.com/?p=206</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>New year is just around the corner and this one aims to be the one about Biodiversity. We leave here some citations as a sign of hope and for latter rememberance. We should preserve every scrap of biodiversity as priceless while we learn to use it... <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/2010-ano-internacional-da-biodiversidade/">Read more</a></p><br /><div><img src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/wp-content/plugins/gd-star-rating/gfx.php?value=0.0" /></div><div>Rating: 0.0/<strong>10</strong> (0 votes cast)</div><br />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="first-child "><span title="N" class="cap"><span>N</span></span>ew year is just around the corner and this one aims to be the one about <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/biodiversity/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with biodiversity">Biodiversity</a>. We leave here some citations as a sign of hope and for latter rememberance.</p>
<blockquote><p>We should preserve every scrap of biodiversity as priceless while we learn to use it and come to understand what it means to <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/humanity/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with humanity">humanity</a>.<br />
<a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/e-o-wilson/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with E. O. Wilson">E. O. Wilson</a></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p>Scientists know we must protect species because they are working parts of our life-support system.<br />
<a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/paul-ehrlic/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with Paul Ehrlic">Paul Ehrlic</a></p></blockquote>
<p style="text-align: center"><p><a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/2010-ano-internacional-da-biodiversidade/"><em>Click here to view the embedded video.</em></a></p></p>
<div style="text-align: right;font-size: 9px;font-family: sans-serif">via <a href="http://bioterra.blogspot.com/2009/12/mensagem-de-ban-ki-moon-secretario.html" target="_blank" class="liexternal">BioTerra</a></div>
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		<title>Pós-Copenhaga &#8211; Um apelo à cruzada do séc. XXI?</title>
		<link>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/um-apelo-a-cruzada-do-sec-xxi/</link>
		<comments>http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/um-apelo-a-cruzada-do-sec-xxi/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 22 Dec 2009 14:56:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Paula Lopes da Silva</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Environment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[On Politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[communicating biodiversity]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[consumismo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[copenhaga]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[individualismo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[movimento]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[muralha da china]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ONU]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[papa urbano]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UN]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[<p>De facto, os resultados de Copenhaga não são muito bons, mas a verdade é que o estado da governança global ainda está a dar os primeiro passos, como disse o Embaixador do Reino Unido numa entrevista na TV. Conseguir "atravessar a muralha da... <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/paula/um-apelo-a-cruzada-do-sec-xxi/">Read more</a></p><br /><div><img src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/wp-content/plugins/gd-star-rating/gfx.php?value=0.0" /></div><div>Rating: 0.0/<strong>10</strong> (0 votes cast)</div><br />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="first-child "><span title="D" class="cap"><span>D</span></span>e facto, os resultados de <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/copenhaga/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with copenhaga">Copenhaga</a> não são muito bons, mas a verdade é que o estado da governança global ainda está a dar os primeiro passos, como disse o Embaixador do Reino Unido numa entrevista na TV.</p>
<p>Conseguir &#8220;<em>atravessar a <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/muralha-da-china/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with muralha da china">muralha da China</a></em>&#8221; (os primeiros portugueses que foram à China em Missão não comercial foram simplesmente decapitados) ou &#8220;<em>romper com o mito do sonho americano de ser rico</em>&#8221; (até Obama se referiu a isso como algo positivo num dos seus discursos de campanha) é por si só difícil, por isso talvez já tenha sido dado um passo importante, embora pequeno face ao desafio em causa.</p>
<p>E é difícil porque tem consequências económicas, tudo isto mexe com o modelo económico, mexe com o <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/consumismo/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with consumismo">consumismo</a>, mexe com a ganância e o <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/individualismo/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with individualismo">individualismo</a>.</p>
<p>A nova governança global implica um sentido de solidariedade e justiça global. Significa também respeito pelas gerações futuras.<br />
Significa amar a nação alheia como se fosse a nossa, como diria <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiara_Lubich" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="liwikipedia">Chiara Lubick</a>, e também amar as futuras gerações como se fossem as nossas presentes.</p>
<p>A mudança não tem como base de alavanca apenas uma base científica e técnica. Tem como base uma Ética e uma Moral, uma capacidade de alargar horizontes. As pessoas raramente se mobilizaram por razões técnicas, elas mobilizam-se por razões de sobrevivência, em primeiro grau, mas também por causas que as comovem, que mexem com os seus valores éticos, morais e religiosos.</p>
<div id="attachment_cruzados" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 375px"><img class="size-full  " title="Cruzados, Séc. XI e XII" src="http://blog.humaneasy.com/files/2009/12/cruzados.jpg" alt="Cruzados, Séc. XI e XII" width="365" height="282" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Pós-Copenhaga - continuar a batalha.<br /> Um apelo à cruzada do século XXI?</p></div>
<p>Lembremo-nos das cruzadas, um dos maiores movimentos &#8220;globais&#8221; das pessoas! Foi um apelo de um Papa, Urbano II no século XI, e as pessoas mobilizaram-se maciçamente, apesar de não haver telefone, internet nem sequer meios de transporte &#8220;decentes&#8221;. Claro, não vamos agora discutir se o <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/movimento/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with movimento">movimento</a> das cruzadas foi bom, mau ou péssimo. A questão é saber interpretar a História. Na altura a ideia era libertar e salvar Jerusalém do domínio dos turcos e isso foi o suficiente para mobilizar a maior parte das pessoas (há sempre alguns que são oportunistas).</p>
<p>Agora até podia ser libertar e salvar a Terra do domínio de quem a quer refém, poluída, esventrada e saqueada. A violência já não está na moda e já não dá para montar a cavalo e andar à espadeirada por aí, mas algo se poderá fazer certamente contra o &#8220;inimigo&#8221;.</p>
<p>Por isso, venho falar daquilo que já venho a falar há algum tempo com outros ambientalistas na Europa: <strong><u>um trabalho próximo e activo com os líderes religiosos</u></strong>.</p>
<p>A liderança política não é tudo, aliás em muitos locais a classe política está mal vista e já nem tem a confiança das pessoas. Mas os líderes religiosos têm a oportunidade de ter contacto com muitos fiéis regularmente (diária, semanal, anual) e passar mensagens que têm impacto directo nos comportamentos. O líder tibetano <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalai_lama" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="liwikipedia">Dalai-Lama</a> conseguiu impedir que os tibetanos perseguissem determinada espécie de tigre, cuja pele era usada em rituais religiosos.</p>
<p>Não importa que alguns ambientalistas sejam indiferentes ou mesmo contra a religião. Têm é de reconhecer que os sistemas e organizações religiosas são um meio e que os líderes podem influenciar as pessoas numa causa global, que está ligada a pilares éticos e morais de vida. Em cada tempo histórico os estudiosos de todas as religiões têm interpretado os &#8220;sinais dos tempos&#8221; à luz da sua religião, através da teologia. É fundamental incentivar, apelar a estes estudos teológicos e sobretudo a uma liderança por parte dos líderes.</p>
<p>E talvez um dia vejamos o Papa e outros líderes religiosos apelar com vigor e emoção, tal como <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Urban_II" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="liwikipedia">Urbano II</a>, senão a uma cruzada global pelo <a href="http://blog.humaneasy.com/tag/planeta/" class="st_tag internal_tag" rel="tag" title="Posts tagged with Planeta">Planeta</a> Terra, pelo menos à mobilização das pessoas pela protecção da criação de Deus, pelo amor aos povos do Mundo inteiro &#8211; Tuvalu incluído &#8211; pelo amor aos nossos netos e futuras gerações, e pelo amor a todos os seres vivos.</p>
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